GCSE Foundation

SHAPE, SPACE AND MEASURES

Angles at a point; on straight line; perpendicular lines; opposite angles
Distinguish between acute, obtuse, reflex and right angles
Estimate the size of an angle
Measure and draw an angle
Use parallel lines, alternate and corresponding angles
Understand the properties of parallelograms
Understand the proof of angle sum of a triangle is 180
Understand a proof that the exterior angle of a triangle = sum of interior angles at other 2 vertices
Use angles properties of equilateral, isosceles and right angled triangles
Understand congruence
Explain why the angle sum of a quadrilateral is 360 degrees

Deduce the formulae for area of a parallelogram and a triangle from the formula for area of rectangle
Recall properties of quadrilaterals and classify quadrilaterals by their geometric properties
Calculate and use the sums of the interior and exterior angles of quadrilaterals, pentagons and hexagons
Calculate and use the angles of regular polygons

Circles- know centre, radius, chord, diameter, circumference, tangent, arc
Find Circumference of circles and areas enclosed by circles

Use 2D representations of 3D shapes and analyse 3D shapes through 2D projections and cross sections, including plan and elevation

Find area of rectangle; triangle; parallelogram; circles; surface area of simple shapes using area of rectangles and triangles
Find the volume of cuboids and shapes made from cubes and cuboids
Convert between area measures inc. cm and m and volume measures including cm and m

Understand that rotation is specified by a centre and an angle; Reflection is specified by a mirror line;
Translations specified by a given distance and direction; Enlargements specified by a centre and positive scale factor

Recognise reflection symmetry in 2D and 3D shapes; rotation in 2D shapes; translations
Transform triangles and other 2D shapes by translation, reflection, rotation about the origin
Distinguish that length and angle are preserved under translation, reflection and rotation, so that any figure is congruent to its image

Recognise and construct enlargements of shapes using positive whole number and fractional scale factors
Identify the scale factor of an enlargement as the ratio of the lengths of 2 corresponding sides
Understand the effect of enlargement on perimeter

Use and interpret maps and scale drawings

Specify coordinates in all four quadrants
Find the coordinates of points identified by geometrical information
Find the coordinates of the midpoint of a line AB given A and B; Calculate the length of AB

Convert from one unit to another; know rough metric equivalents of pounds, feet, miles, pints and gallons
Understand and use speed
Construct triangles and other 2D shapes using ruler and protractor
Construct cubes, square based pyramids and other 3D shapes from given information